USA SHIP JOBS 2018
Australia officially
the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the
Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It
is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries
are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north; the Solomon
Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east.
Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney.For about 50,000 years before the first British
settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous
Australians, who spoke languages classifiable into roughly 250 groups. After
the European discovery of the continent by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australia's
eastern half was claimed by Great Britain in 1770 and initially settled through
penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales from 26 January 1788. The
population grew steadily in subsequent decades, and by the 1850s most of the
continent had been explored and an additional five self-governing crown
colonies established. On 1
January 1901, the six colonies federated, forming
the Commonwealth of Australia. Australia has since maintained a stable liberal
democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary
constitutional monarchy comprising six states and several territories.The
population of 24 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the
eastern seaboard.Australia has the world's 13th-largest economy
and ninth-highest per capita income (IMF). With the second-highest human
development index globally, the country
ranks highly in quality of life,
health, education, economic freedom, and civil liberties and political rights.
Australia is a member of the United Nations, G20, Commonwealth of Nations,
ANZUS, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), World
Trade Organization, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, and the Pacific Islands
Forum.The name Australia (pronounced [əˈstɹæɪljə, -liə] in Australian English)
is derived from the Latin Terra Australis ("southern land"), a name
used for a hypothetical continent in the Southern Hemisphere since ancient
times. When Europeans first began visiting and mapping Australia in the 17th
century, the name Terra Australis was naturally applied to the new territories.
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